Report VA U S need more water infrastructure investments / Public News Service

Recent reports are calling on Virginia and the U.S. to invest in water infrastructure. The U.S. Water Alliance’s Bridging the Gap report reviews two scenarios – continuing investments under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and if funding returns to previous levels. Virginia received a C+ in the American Society of Civil Engineers’ latest infrastructure report card.

Christy Harowski, Value of Water campaign director with the U.S. Water Alliance, said going back to previous spending rates isn’t a viable option.

“We’re going to have a $2.6 trillion investment gap for water in 2043, which is a huge number. But, if we continue to invest over that same period of time at IIJA spending levels, then that gap would be reduced by $125 billion,” Harowski said.

This is based on the Environmental Protection Agency’s Needs Survey showing the national water infrastructure investment gap is $91 billion and will only balloon if the bill’s levels don’t remain. She noted this continued investment at IIJA’s rates creates long-term impacts such as keeping 200,000 jobs and households saving almost $7,000 over 20 years.

One challenge with water infrastructure investments for most is that it’s out of sight, out of mind. Given local and state funds pay for a majority of water infrastructure, being proactive at a federal level means renewing the IIJA beyond its 2026 expiration. Harowski said past disinvestment has degraded existing infrastructure.

“America’s water infrastructure is largely about 100 years old,” she said. “In some places, it’s even older than that. It is well past its useful life and, as a result of that, more water mains are breaking, more pipes are leaking, and the need to repair and replace a lot of this infrastructure is greatly outpacing the investment in it.”

Investing in water infrastructure remains a key issue for voters. The Value of Water Index poll shows there is strong bipartisan support for maintaining the IIJA’s investments. Most voters surveyed would pay moderate rate increases supporting local utility projects improving water accessibility and community health.

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Federal law and Illinois law are at odds over ownership, access, and use of the state’s streams, lakes & rivers – and the Legislature failed to pass a measure to deal with it.

A fraction of the waterways fall under Illinois law which permits public access. Federal law allows private ownership of most of Illinois’ waterways.

House Bill 4708 – which saw little action in the 2024 legislative session – proposes that any lake, river, or stream that can support commercial or recreational activities should have open access.

The Illinois Environmental Council wants the bill passed. Council Land Use Programs Director Eliot Clay said he is optimistic lawmakers will hear the bill in the future.

“We’ve still got a ways to go in terms of passing this,” said Clay. “We had gotten into the legislature this last year, and we definitely intend on bringing this back up. Especially during the next legislative session in 2025. There was pretty stiff opposition to this bill, especially from the agricultural communities.”

There is a group of people who believe that if a river goes through somebody’s property, the river is their property. Clay noted that previous legal cases have ruled otherwise.

The Illinois Department of Natural Resources says the state has almost 88,000 miles of rivers and streams within its borders.

Currently, about 2% of Illinois’ surface water is navigable for boating, fishing, and swimming.

Illinois Sierra Club Clean Water Advocate Mila Marshall said HB 4708 would increase the number of people who are invested in wanting to keep streams clean and healthy.

“So it makes it more accessible and clarifies the language that the water is available for all,” said Marshall, “while also still recognizing that property owners still can have their private land protected, and they still own, at the riverbed, that the water that’s moving across it is free and open to the public.”

Marshall, who has a doctorate in ecology and evolutionary biology, said the Illinois Nutrient Reduction Loss strategy created in 2015 is key for cleaner lakes, streams and rivers.

The program outlines best practices to improve water quality by reducing nitrogen and phosphorus levels.

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Some rural South Dakotans struggle to get good drinking water but the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation has awarded two local communities with grants to help change it.

Nearly $13 million in WaterSMART Drought Resiliency grants are slated for projects in Eagle Butte and Day County. The Mni Wašté Water Company, run by the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, will receive $2.8 million to pipe water 10 miles northwest of the community to supply 17 existing residences and 20 being constructed.

Leo Fischer, executive director, Mni Wašté Water Company and enrolled member of Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, said the water company started planning this project in 1993 and in the meantime, the people living there have had to haul their water.

“It’s more of a pain than it is anything, because you haul it in the back of a vehicle,” Fischer pointed out. “In the wintertime, everything freezes up.”

Piped water is important in the region, because area groundwater wells are of poor quality, must run deep into the ground and have proven unreliable.

To the east, the WEB Water Development Association is slated to receive nearly $10 million to build about 40 miles of pipeline, supplying more than 700 people with drinking water in the city of Waubay and in rural Day County.

Shane Phillips, general manager of the association, said it feels ironic to be doing a project in Day County, which is known for having ample water.

“It’s the true quality of the water that’s not great in Day County,” Phillips observed. “There’s total dissolved solids. It’s really high in minerals.”

Phillips added the company hopes to break ground in 2025 on its project piping and treating potable water from the Missouri River. The Bureau of Reclamation has made WaterSMART grants in 11 states this year.

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The Duck River, which flows through seven Middle Tennessee counties, has made a national list of “most endangered” rivers.

The group American Rivers compiles the list annually and said escalating development and multiple uses are stretching the Duck River’s water supply.

Grace Stranch, CEO of Harpeth Conservancy, said the river is home to more than 150 types of fish, 56 mussel species and 22 snail species. She cautioned its ecosystem is at a tipping point, prompted by population and industry growth.

“Ecologically on the river, when we look, we’re already seeing mussel strandings. And that means that there’s not enough water, and mussels have to have water. And so, they’re being what we say is ‘stranded,’ so they don’t have the water to survive,” Stranch outlined. “We’re already seeing this at the current levels.”

Stranch’s group has made a three-part recommendation to Gov. Bill Lee. It’s asking to form an expert stakeholder group to assess water studies for the river, create a comprehensive, long-term water use plan, and allocate enough funding based on scientific data to ensure the river’s protection.

Stranch pointed out the Duck River is a drinking water source for nearly 250,000 people in the region. She emphasized the need to choose between conservation and potential collapse in the face of the area’s growing water demands.

“You have to provide drinking water for all of these new people. You have to have all these new hookups for these developments,” Stranch explained. “That drinking water comes from somewhere. And most people don’t realize in Tennessee, the majority of our drinking water, around 60%, comes from river sources in some way, shape or form.”

Stranch added her group is especially concerned about the effects of overuse during droughts. She noted the Duck is also the backbone of the local outdoor recreation economy for anglers, boaters and kayakers, with more than 150,000 people using the river and its tributaries for recreation each year.

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