According to the ministry, the expenditures cited by critics relate to established and lawful components of Nigeria”s public finance system that exist in many countries.
The Federal Ministry of Finance has dismissed claims that the Nigerian government spent trillions of naira outside the approved 2026 budget, describing the allegations as false and a misrepresentation of the findings contained in the International Monetary Fund’s 2026 Article IV Consultation.
In a statement, the ministry stressed that Nigeria does not operate a “shadow budget,” maintaining that all federal government expenditure is authorized in accordance with the country’s 1999 Constitution and approved through Appropriation Acts passed by the National Assembly. It emphasized that every public expenditure is subject to constitutional and legislative approval.
According to the ministry, the expenditures cited by critics relate to established and lawful components of Nigeria’s public finance system that exist in many countries. These include statutory transfers to legally established development commissions and agencies, cost-of-collection allowances retained by revenue-generating agencies, separately approved capital budgets for certain agencies and the Federal Capital Territory, emergency and strategic interventions in areas such as security, infrastructure and disaster response, as well as debt servicing and other statutory obligations.
The ministry further explained that these expenditures are neither hidden nor unlawful, noting that they are publicly disclosed, audited and subject to oversight. It argued that differences in how such spending appears across various reporting frameworks stem from ongoing efforts to align Nigeria’s fiscal reporting with international standards, making the issue one of presentation and timing rather than legality.
The government also pointed to remarks made by Bola Ahmed Tinubu during the presentation of the 2026 Appropriation Bill, in which the president called for the elimination of overlapping and fragmented budgeting practices through the adoption of a single harmonized fiscal framework. The ministry said this demonstrates the administration’s commitment to improving transparency and strengthening public financial management.
Reaffirming its position, the Federal Ministry of Finance urged commentators to support allegations regarding public finances with verifiable evidence rather than speculation. It reiterated Nigeria’s commitment to transparent, accountable fiscal governance and to strengthening public confidence through fact-based discussions on government spending.